How a new drug is developed?

The researchers generally discover new drugs through various drug development programs, which includes the following steps:

● New insights into a disease process will allow the researchers to design a product to stop or reverse the effects of the disease on humans, plants, or animals.
● To carry out many tests on the molecular compounds to find possible beneficial effects against any of a large number of diseases.
● The existing treatments that are available having unanticipated consequences.
● Diving into new technologies, such as those that provide new ways to target medical products to specific sites within the body or manipulate the genetic material.

At this stage in this process, thousands of compounds may be the probable competitors for developing as a medical treatment for the disease. After early testing, only a small number of compounds look promising for the disease, and they call for further study.

Development of the drug

Once the researchers identify a promising compound that could fight the potential disease for development, they conduct various experiments to gather information on:

● How it is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the body.
● Its potential benefits and its mechanisms of action on the body
● The best amount dosage for the body.
● The best way to give the drug into the body may be through mouth or injection).
● The Side effects or adverse events that can occur inside the body can often be referred to as toxicity.
● Its effects on different groups of people
● such as people based on gender, race, or ethnicity
● How the prepared drug interacts with other medications and treatments.
● Its effectiveness when compared with other similar drugs.

Before testing a drug in people in the drug development program, researchers must find out whether it can cause serious harm to the body, which is also called toxicity.

Preclinical research

Preclinical studies are generally not very large. These studies typically provide detailed information on dosing and the toxicity levels on the body. After preclinical testing, researchers typically review their findings and also decide whether the drug should be tested on people or not.

Conclusion

Researchers always design clinical trials to answer specific research questions related to a particular medical product. These trials generally follow a particular plan of study called a protocol that a researcher or manufacturer develops. Before a clinical trial begins, researchers constantly review prior information about the drug to develop research questions and objectives. Then, they decide if it qualifies the test or not.